A discrete mathematical model SEIR with the evolution of the regions

Abstract

In this study, we provide a discrete mathematical SEIR model that depicts the evolution of an infectious disease while introducing the novel idea of taking regional infection spread into account. To reduce the disease’s ability to spread among people and places, we suggest three control measures. The optimal controls are defined using the Pontryagin maximum principle, and the optimality system is solved using an iterative method. Finally, MATLAB-based numerical simulations are performed to check the results of the theoretical analysis.