Implementation of PID control strategies on Bergman model representing type 1 diabetes-T1D

Abstract

In this work, we address Type 1 diabetes (T1D), a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by elevated glucose levels in patient’s bloodstream. We propose a robust approach for regulating blood glucose (BG) levels in individuals with T1D by utilizing a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control method. The minimal Bergman model is utilized to represent the dynamics of glucose-insulin in the blood plasma. The proposed control strategy integrates the PID controller as a core element for BG regulation. Through simulations, our findings demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed controller in maintaining BG levels close to a target value of 80 mg/dL, starting from a state of hyperglycemia, even amidst various perturbations associated with meal intake.