Optimal control strategy and validation of the SVITR model for influenza A (H1N1) virus

Abstract

In this work, a SVITR compartmental model is developed for representing the spread of Influenza A (H1N1) and a 3-variable control strategy is developed comprises of vaccination, treatment and awareness program. The real-world data for Influenza A (H1N1) is considered from the state of West Bengal during 2019-2024 as reported by National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). Model is compared with the collected data and significant comparative trajectory is found year wise.  The control strategy is developed using Pontryagin’s minimum principle. The impact of different parameters is based on normalized sensitivity analysis method. Positivity and boundedness of the model is found. Also, stability analysis was performed corresponding to equilibrium points, and it is observed that the model shows stability when Basic Reproduction Number R₀ < 1, which is also reflected in the collected data.